Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetik Dengan Metode Penghambatan ? -Amilase Oleh Ekstrak Etanol Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera (L.) Burm. F.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v4i1.3800Keywords:
lidah buaya;, diabetes;, ?-amilase;, penghambatan enzimAbstract
Diabetes melitus merupakan gangguan metabolisme yang ditandai oleh adanya peningkatan kadar gula darah yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius. Salah satu pendekatan terapi untuk mengelola diabetes adalah menghambat aktivitas enzim ?-amilase, yang berperan dalam proses pencernaan karbohidrat. Lidah buaya (Aloe vera) mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi menghambat enzim ?-amilase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol lidah buaya serta mengetahui potensinya dalam menghambat enzim ?-amilase. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia secara kualitatif dan pengujian aktivitas penghambatan dilakukan pada berbagai konsentrasi dengan akarbose sebagai kontrol positif serta larutan iodine sebagai indikator. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstak etanol lidah buaya mengandung senyawa alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan enzim ?-amilase, dengan efektivitas tertinggi tercapai pada konsentrasi 80 ppm yang menghasilkan persentase penghambatan sebesar 59%. Nilai IC50 yang diperoleh mencapai ± 62,203 ppm, sedangkan akarbose, sebagai pembanding, memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar ± 41,040 ppm. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya berpotensi menjadi agen antidiabetik alami melalui mekanisme penghambatan enzim ?-amilase, meskipun efektivitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif.
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