A Spatial-Based Planning Analysis for Transmission Line Development Using the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Approach
Main Article Content
Through the Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2021–2023, PT PLN (Persero) outlined plans for the development of transmission systems across Indonesia, projecting an expansion of 76,662 MVA in substation capacity and 47,723 kilometres of transmission lines by 2030. Transmission infrastructure development is further detailed for each major island system in the country. In particular, the transmission network in Sulawesi remains divided into two systems: Southern Sulawesi (SULBAGSEL) and Northern Sulawesi (SULBAGUT). The RUPTL document also highlights several strategic projects in the Sulawesi transmission system, including the 150 kV Tambu–Bangkir Transmission Line. Following an instruction from the Directorate General of Electricity to accelerate the Commercial Operation Date (COD) for the Tambu–Bangkir segment to 2024, the project timeline has been adjusted accordingly and designated as a priority assignment. Current transmission line construction planning still relies on manual methods, which have several weaknesses, including route inefficiency, potential cost overruns, challenges in accessing planning locations, and low planning accuracy that often does not reflect actual field conditions. This approach also inadequately considers disaster factors and the aspects of environmental, social, and corporate governance. This research aims to develop a more effective and efficient method for transmission line planning that reduces cost overruns while improving accessibility and planning accuracy. Additionally, this study will explore ways to incorporate land use, road access, disaster factors, and environmental, social, and corporate governance considerations. Spatial modeling using the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method can offer a more comprehensive approach, making transmission line planning more optimal and sustainable.
ESDM (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources). (2019). Indonesia Energy Outlook 2019. https://www.esdm.go.id/assets/media/content/content-indonesia-energy-outlook-2019-english-version.pdf
Gielen, D. (2018). Forecasting Indonesia's electricity load through 2030 and peak. Energy Procedia, 153, 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.10.019
IEA. (2021). An energy sector roadmap to net zero emissions in Indonesia. International Energy Agency. https://www.iea.org/reports/an-energy-sector-roadmap-to-net-zero-emissions-in-indonesia
JICA. (2008). Chapter 6 Transmission Development Planning. In Transmission Development Planning for Sulawesi System (pp. 6-1–6-3). Japan International Cooperation Agency.
Kalogirou, S. A., & Bojic, M. (2021). Application of GIS and multicriteria decision analysis in selecting suitable locations for electricity transmission lines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 137, 110610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110610
Leydon, R., & Tharakan, P. (2020). Electricity demand and socioeconomic development in ASEAN: A panel data approach. Energy Economics, 92, 104951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104951
Musa, S. M., Hashim, M., & Jahi, J. M. (2020). Optimization of power transmission line routing using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Geocarto International, 35(1), 67–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2018.1501597
OECD. (2024). Responsible business conduct for sustainable infrastructure in Indonesia. OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers.
PLN (Persero). (2021). Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) 2021–2030. PT PLN. https://web.pln.co.id/statics/uploads/2021/10/ruptl-2021-2030.pdf
Ramli, M. A. M., Bouchekara, H. R. E. H., & Alghamdi, A. S. (2022). Smart grid development in Indonesia: Challenges and future directions. Renewable Energy, 186, 1234–1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.01.034
Ruiz, H. S., Sunarso, A., Ibrahim-bathis, K., Murti, S. A., & Budiarto, I. (2020). GIS AHP multi decision criteria analysis for the optimal location of solar energy plants in Indonesia. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2007.15351
Schito, J., Wissen Hayek, U., & Raubal, M. (2018). Enhancing mulit criteria decision analysis for planning power transmission lines. 10th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2018), 114, 15.
Tumiran, Putranto, L. M., Irnawan, R., Sarjiya, Priyanto, A., Isnandar, S., & Savitri, I. (2021). Transmission expansion planning for the optimization of renewable energy integration in the Sulawesi electricity system. Sustainability, 13(18), 10477. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810477
World Bank. (2023). Indonesia Power Transmission Development Project (P117323). The World Bank.
