Pengaruh Trust Terhadap Kepuasan Jemaat Di Gbkp Wilayah Medan, Dengan Emotional Attachment Sebagai Variabel Moderator
Main Article Content
This study aims to examine the effect of trust on congregation satisfaction at GBKP (Gereja Batak Karo Protestan) in the Medan region, with emotional attachment as a moderating variable. This reasearch is a quantitative research approach. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, totaling 318 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that trust has a positive and significant effect on congregation satisfaction. Furthermore, emotional attachment moderates the relationship between trust and congregation satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of building both trust and emotional bonds between the church and its members to enhance their overall satisfaction in worship and community life within GBKP Medan.
Keywords:
Trust, Congregation Satisfaction, Emotional Attachment, GBKP
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Anouw, Yulian. (2023). Karateristik Seorang Gembala Sidang dan Pertumbuhan Gereja, Penerbit Ruang Tentor.
Anselmi, P., Colledani, D., & Robusto, E. (2019). A comparison of classical and modern measures of internal consistency. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2714.
Azwar, (2012). Reliabilitas dan validitas (ed. 4.), Pustaka Pelajar.
Azwar, S. (2017). Metode Penelitian Psikologi (Ed. 2.), Pustaka Pelajar.
Bangun, Yosafat. (2010), Pemimpin Pastoral Menjadi Pemimpin Yang Memadukan: Kata-Perbuatan, Teori-Praktik, Iman-Ilmu, Jabatan-Integritas, Penerbit Andi.
Biro Litbang GBKP, Data Statistik GBKP tahun 2019.
Biro Litbang GBKP, Data Statistik GBKP tahun 2023.
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Brahmana, A., & Munthe, P. (2021). Tinjauan Historis-Praktis terhadap Peziarahan Eklesiologi GBKP sejak 1890 hingga 2019 di Era Disrupsi. In Theos : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Theologi, 1(2), 48–57. Retrieved from https://journal.actual-insight.com/index.php/intheos/article/view/199
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Corley, Anderson. (2018). Factors Associated with Attracting and Retaining Church Membership: A Phenomenological Study, Brandman University. https://digitalcommons.brandman.edu/edd_dissertations/155.
Creswell, John W. dan J. David Creswell. (2023). Research Design; Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches, Sixth Edition, SAGE Publications, Inc.
Diehl, Kristin And Cait Poynor. (2010). Great Expectations?! Assortment Size, Expectations, and Satisfaction, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 47, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 312-322 American Marketing Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25674429.
Fatmawati, Indah, Anugrah Galang Irianda, Aldi Abilawa. (2024). The Influence of Islamic Service Quality, Emotional Attachment, and Religiosity on Satisfaction for Loyalty in the Context of Sharia Banking, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta E 3S Web of Conferences 571, 02005 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457102005
Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (4th ed.). London: SAGE Publications.
Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115
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Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, Eighth Edition. Annabel Ainscow.
Hamilton, S., Martin, M., & Martin, D. (2012). A statistical investigation of the relationship between personal attachment style and satisfaction with evangelical church membership. Journal of religion and health, 51, 1306-1316.
Hansen, Mark H., J.L. Morrow Jr, Juan C. Batista. (2001). The impact of trust on cooperative membership retention. performance, and satisfaction: an exploratory study, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 5 (2002) 41-59. https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/s1096-7508(02)00069-1
Harjanto, Hans Christian, Lena Ellitan, Ninuk Muljani. (2021). The Influence Of Brand Experience And Emotional Attachment On Brand Trust And Brand Loyalty Church Mawar Sharon, West Surabaya, Research In Management And Accounting Vol. 4 No. 1 June 2021. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v4i1.3062
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (2004). Attachment as an Organizational Framework for Research on Close Relationships. Dalam jurnal Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J127v05n03_03
Huffman, T. E. (2008). Church satisfaction among rural Minnesota Protestant lay leaders. Great Plains Sociologist, 19(1), 2-24.
Hutahaean, J. (2017). Teologi dan fungsi gereja dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern. Jakarta: Bina Kasih Press.
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia versi daring, 2024 https://kbbi.web.id/
Kirkpatrick, Lee A. (2009). An Attachment-Theory Approach Psychology of Religion, The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, Published online: 16 Nov 2009. https://sci-hub.se/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0201_2
Kutner, M. H., Nachtsheim, C. J., Neter, J., & Li, W. (2005). Applied linear statistical models. McGraw-hill.
Lewicki, R. J., Tomlinson, E. C., & Gillespie, N. (2006). Models of Interpersonal Trust Development: Theoretical Approaches, Empirical Evidence, and Future Directions. Journal of Management, 32(6), 991-1022.
Liana, L. (2009). Analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
Lie, Paulus. (2010). Mereformasi Gereja; 10 Arah Reformasi Gereja: Fokus Gereja, Struktur, Pendeta, Kebaktian, Majelis Jemaat, Pembinaan, Organisasi, Hubungan Gereja & Masyarakat, Hubungan Antaragama, Budaya Gereja, Penerbit Andi.
Littman-Ovadia, H., Oren, L., & Lavy, S. (2013). Attachment and autonomy in the workplace: New insights, Journal of Career Assessment, 21(4), 502–518.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20 (3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
Mayer, Roger C., James H. Davis, F. David Schoorman, An Integrative Model Of Organizational Trust, Academy of Management Review 1995, Vol. 20. No. 3, 709-734. https://www.jstor.org/stable/258792?seq=1
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Moderamen GBKP. (2021). Garis Besar Pelayanan GBKP 2021-2025, Abdi Karya.
Moderamen GBKP. (2022). Laporan umum moderamen gbkp Ku sidang kerja majelis sinode Retreat Center, 20-22 Oktober 2022.
Mooney, Carol Garhart. (2010). Theory of Attachment; An Introduction to Bowlby, Ainsworth, Gerber, Brazelton, Kennel, and Claus, Red Leaf Press.
Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing.
Moussa, Salim And Mourad Touzani. (2016). The Moderating Role Of Attachment Styles In Emotional Bonding With Service Providers, Journal of Consumer Behaviour, J. Consumer Behav. (2016) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/cb.1605.
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Priyatno, D. (2011). Buku Saku SPSS: Analisis Statistik Data, Lebih Cepat, Efisien, Dan Akurat. Buku Seru.
Rahmi, N. S., Amaliana, L., Pimada, L. M., Yesica, R., & Ningsih, D. N. (2022). Confirmatory factor analysis pada indikator kesembuhan pasien isolasi mandiri Covid-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Statistika, 22(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.29313/statistika.v22i1.477
Rainer, Thom S. & Eric Geiger. (2011). Returning To God's Process For Making Disciples ;Simple Church, B&H Publishing Group.
Robbins, S. P. (2003). Organizational behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Rotter, J. B. (1967). A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality, 35(4), 651-665. https://sci-hub.se/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1967.tb01454.x
Santoso, A. (2010). Statistik untuk Psikologi. Universitas Sanata Dharma.
Saputra, Muh.Fauzan dan Ferdi Antonio (2021), The Influence Of E-Service Quality and Trust On Customer Satisfaction And Its Impact On customer Loyalty (An Empirical Studyon Online Syariah Banking In Indonesia, Jurnal ilmiah manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasiuniversitas Sam Ratulangi vol.8 No.2 Mei-Agustus.
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Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A Beginner’s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling (3rd ed.). Routledge.
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Silverman, W. H., Pargament, K. I., Johnson, S. M., Echemendia, R. J., & Snyder, S. (1983). Measuring member satisfaction with the Church. Journal of Applied Psycholog 68(4), 664y.
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Anouw, Yulian. (2023). Karateristik Seorang Gembala Sidang dan Pertumbuhan Gereja, Penerbit Ruang Tentor.
Anselmi, P., Colledani, D., & Robusto, E. (2019). A comparison of classical and modern measures of internal consistency. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2714.
Azwar, (2012). Reliabilitas dan validitas (ed. 4.), Pustaka Pelajar.
Azwar, S. (2017). Metode Penelitian Psikologi (Ed. 2.), Pustaka Pelajar.
Bangun, Yosafat. (2010), Pemimpin Pastoral Menjadi Pemimpin Yang Memadukan: Kata-Perbuatan, Teori-Praktik, Iman-Ilmu, Jabatan-Integritas, Penerbit Andi.
Biro Litbang GBKP, Data Statistik GBKP tahun 2019.
Biro Litbang GBKP, Data Statistik GBKP tahun 2023.
Bowlby. J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Attachment, Vol. 1, Basic Books, New York .
Brahmana, A., & Munthe, P. (2021). Tinjauan Historis-Praktis terhadap Peziarahan Eklesiologi GBKP sejak 1890 hingga 2019 di Era Disrupsi. In Theos : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Theologi, 1(2), 48–57. Retrieved from https://journal.actual-insight.com/index.php/intheos/article/view/199
Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S.G., & Aiken, L.S. (2003). Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203774441
Corley, Anderson. (2018). Factors Associated with Attracting and Retaining Church Membership: A Phenomenological Study, Brandman University. https://digitalcommons.brandman.edu/edd_dissertations/155.
Creswell, John W. dan J. David Creswell. (2023). Research Design; Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches, Sixth Edition, SAGE Publications, Inc.
Diehl, Kristin And Cait Poynor. (2010). Great Expectations?! Assortment Size, Expectations, and Satisfaction, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 47, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 312-322 American Marketing Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25674429.
Fatmawati, Indah, Anugrah Galang Irianda, Aldi Abilawa. (2024). The Influence of Islamic Service Quality, Emotional Attachment, and Religiosity on Satisfaction for Loyalty in the Context of Sharia Banking, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta E 3S Web of Conferences 571, 02005 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457102005
Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (4th ed.). London: SAGE Publications.
Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115
Garcia-Luna, M. (2019). A Study of the Relationship between a Pastor's Servant Leadership Style and Follower's Satisfaction. (Doctoral dissertation, Our Lady of the Lake University). https://www.proquest.com/openview/7f667e0625b3e1108c111eb2e483dcb9/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Ghasemi, A., & Zahediasl, S. (2012). Normality tests for statistical analysis: A guide for non-statisticians. International journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 10(2), 486.
Ghozali, I. (2006). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program SPSS (Edisi Ke-4), Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ginting, Imanuel. (2023, April 4). Pencanangan Sasaran Pelayanan 2023 Sederhana Dem Khikmat https://gbkp.or.id/new/?page=berita_full&id=123&tabel=tb_berita&lang=bahasa&key=id_berita.
Granqvist, P., & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2004). Religious conversion and perceived childhood attachment: A meta-analysis. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 14(4), 223-250. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pehr-Granqvist/publication/232605812_RESEARCH_Religious_Conversion_and_Perceived_Childhood_Attachment_A_Met
Gujarati, D. N. & Porter, D. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, Eighth Edition. Annabel Ainscow.
Hamilton, S., Martin, M., & Martin, D. (2012). A statistical investigation of the relationship between personal attachment style and satisfaction with evangelical church membership. Journal of religion and health, 51, 1306-1316.
Hansen, Mark H., J.L. Morrow Jr, Juan C. Batista. (2001). The impact of trust on cooperative membership retention. performance, and satisfaction: an exploratory study, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 5 (2002) 41-59. https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/s1096-7508(02)00069-1
Harjanto, Hans Christian, Lena Ellitan, Ninuk Muljani. (2021). The Influence Of Brand Experience And Emotional Attachment On Brand Trust And Brand Loyalty Church Mawar Sharon, West Surabaya, Research In Management And Accounting Vol. 4 No. 1 June 2021. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v4i1.3062
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (2004). Attachment as an Organizational Framework for Research on Close Relationships. Dalam jurnal Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J127v05n03_03
Huffman, T. E. (2008). Church satisfaction among rural Minnesota Protestant lay leaders. Great Plains Sociologist, 19(1), 2-24.
Hutahaean, J. (2017). Teologi dan fungsi gereja dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern. Jakarta: Bina Kasih Press.
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia versi daring, 2024 https://kbbi.web.id/
Kirkpatrick, Lee A. (2009). An Attachment-Theory Approach Psychology of Religion, The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, Published online: 16 Nov 2009. https://sci-hub.se/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0201_2
Kutner, M. H., Nachtsheim, C. J., Neter, J., & Li, W. (2005). Applied linear statistical models. McGraw-hill.
Lewicki, R. J., Tomlinson, E. C., & Gillespie, N. (2006). Models of Interpersonal Trust Development: Theoretical Approaches, Empirical Evidence, and Future Directions. Journal of Management, 32(6), 991-1022.
Liana, L. (2009). Analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
Lie, Paulus. (2010). Mereformasi Gereja; 10 Arah Reformasi Gereja: Fokus Gereja, Struktur, Pendeta, Kebaktian, Majelis Jemaat, Pembinaan, Organisasi, Hubungan Gereja & Masyarakat, Hubungan Antaragama, Budaya Gereja, Penerbit Andi.
Littman-Ovadia, H., Oren, L., & Lavy, S. (2013). Attachment and autonomy in the workplace: New insights, Journal of Career Assessment, 21(4), 502–518.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20 (3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
Mayer, Roger C., James H. Davis, F. David Schoorman, An Integrative Model Of Organizational Trust, Academy of Management Review 1995, Vol. 20. No. 3, 709-734. https://www.jstor.org/stable/258792?seq=1
Megawati, Berestina, Suwardi Lubis, Sabrin Tinambunan. (2021). Pengaruh Komunikasi Antarpribadi Pendeta Terhadap Kepuasan Religi Jemaat Di Hkbp Karya Pembangunan Ressort Medan Iv Sei Agul, Jurnal Prointegrita E-ISSN: 26558971, Vol.5 No.3, Desember 2021 https://ojspasca.darmaagung.ac.id/index.php/pro Page No. : 50-58
Moderamen GBKP (2024). Laporan Moderamen GBKP dalam SKMS 2024.
Moderamen GBKP. (2021). Garis Besar Pelayanan GBKP 2021-2025, Abdi Karya.
Moderamen GBKP. (2022). Laporan umum moderamen gbkp Ku sidang kerja majelis sinode Retreat Center, 20-22 Oktober 2022.
Mooney, Carol Garhart. (2010). Theory of Attachment; An Introduction to Bowlby, Ainsworth, Gerber, Brazelton, Kennel, and Claus, Red Leaf Press.
Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing.
Moussa, Salim And Mourad Touzani. (2016). The Moderating Role Of Attachment Styles In Emotional Bonding With Service Providers, Journal of Consumer Behaviour, J. Consumer Behav. (2016) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/cb.1605.
Oliver, Richard L. (2015). Satisfaction; A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer, Second Edition), Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Pandia, Mahdianta. (2022). Sejarah GBKP, Moderamen GBKP. https://gbkp.or.id/new/?page=organisasi_bahasa&lang=bahasa.
Priyatno, D. (2011). Buku Saku SPSS: Analisis Statistik Data, Lebih Cepat, Efisien, Dan Akurat. Buku Seru.
Rahmi, N. S., Amaliana, L., Pimada, L. M., Yesica, R., & Ningsih, D. N. (2022). Confirmatory factor analysis pada indikator kesembuhan pasien isolasi mandiri Covid-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Statistika, 22(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.29313/statistika.v22i1.477
Rainer, Thom S. & Eric Geiger. (2011). Returning To God's Process For Making Disciples ;Simple Church, B&H Publishing Group.
Robbins, S. P. (2003). Organizational behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Rotter, J. B. (1967). A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality, 35(4), 651-665. https://sci-hub.se/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1967.tb01454.x
Santoso, A. (2010). Statistik untuk Psikologi. Universitas Sanata Dharma.
Saputra, Muh.Fauzan dan Ferdi Antonio (2021), The Influence Of E-Service Quality and Trust On Customer Satisfaction And Its Impact On customer Loyalty (An Empirical Studyon Online Syariah Banking In Indonesia, Jurnal ilmiah manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasiuniversitas Sam Ratulangi vol.8 No.2 Mei-Agustus.
Saunders, Paula M. (1999). Factor Underlying Church Member Satisfaction and Retention, Journal of Customer Service in Marketing & Management, Vol. 5(3) 1999.
Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A Beginner’s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Schwarz, C. A. (1996). Natural Church Development: A Guide to Eight Essential Qualities of Healthy Churches. Church Smart Resources.
Silaban, Pantas, Oklisman Gulo. (2019). Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan Warga Jemaat Pada Gereja Resort 1 Banua Niha Kristen Protestan (Tesis), Universitas Hkbp Nommensen.
Silverman, W. H., Pargament, K. I., Johnson, S. M., Echemendia, R. J., & Snyder, S. (1983). Measuring member satisfaction with the Church. Journal of Applied Psycholog 68(4), 664y.
Sinaga, J., Sagala, R. W., Sibuea, R., & Hutagalung, S. (2022). Pemahaman konsep keterlibatan anggota jemaat dalam pelayanan dan penginjilan terhadap pertumbuhan gereja berdasarkan Kisah Para Rasul 2:46–47. Jurnal Teologi Kontekstual Indonesia, 3(1), 11–20. https://journal.sttsimpson.ac.id/index.php/JTKI/article/view/71
Sitorus, Yohannes Ali Sandro dan Karel Benridho Tarigan. (2024). Spiritualitas ngelai yang partisipatif Meningkatkan gairah pelayanan gerejawi yang relasional, Kurios Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen, Vol 10, No. 1, April 2024 (177-192).
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