Partisipasi Digital Melalui Issue Framing, Digital Deliberation, dan Citizen Providing Ideas: Studi Gerakan #Indonesiagelap
Main Article Content
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gerakan #IndonesiaGelap pada platform media sosial X sebagai bentuk partisipasi digital warga dalam merespons kebijakan publik yang kontroversial pada awal tahun 2025. Berbeda dari studi-studi terdahulu yang cenderung memandang partisipasi digital sebatas keterlibatan simbolik atau ekspresif, temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa warga berperan aktif dalam membangun narasi tandingan, memperluas diskusi publik, dan mengajukan gagasan kebijakan alternatif. Dengan menggunakan Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) dan Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) terhadap 30 tweet dengan engagement tinggi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa issue framing dimanfaatkan untuk membingkai ulang isu melalui oposisi simbolik, metafora emosional, dan kritik satir, kemudian digital deliberation hadir dalam pertukaran opini, penyebaran data, dan koordinasi aksi kolektif, serta citizen providing ideas tampak dari perumusan 13 tuntutan utama yang menawarkan kebijakan di berbagai sektor strategis disertai penjelasan tuntutan, data pendukung, dan usulan solusi. Hasil ini menegaskan media sosial berpotensi sebagai ruang demokratis yang mengintegrasi kritik, diskusi, dan rumusan kebijakan, sekaligus memperluas peran warga menjadi pihak yang terlibat secara langsung dalam proses perumusan kebijakan publik.
Keywords:
#IndonesiaGelap, Partisipasi Digital, Issue Framing, Digital Deliberation, Citizen Providing Ideas
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Papacharissi, Z. (2015). We have always been social. Social Media + Society, 1(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115581185
Penney, J., & Dadas, C. (2014). (Re)Tweeting in the service of protest: Digital composition and circulation in the Occupy Wall Street movement. New Media & Society, 16(1), 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813479593
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Aragón, P., Kaltenbrunner, A., Calleja-López, A., Pereira, A., Monterde, A., Barandiaran, X. E., & Gómez, V. (2017). Deliberative platform design: The case study of the online discussions in Decidim Barcelona. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 10540, pp. 277–287). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67256-4_22
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
Ayu, D. R. (2025, 17 Februari). Ramai Tagar Indonesia Gelap, Apa Maksudnya? Tempo.co. https://www.tempo.co/politik/ramai-tagar-indonesia-gelap-apa-maksudnya--1208171
BBC Indonesia. (2025a, 4 Februari). Larangan penjualan gas elpiji 3 kg secara eceran 'matikan pengusaha kecil dan susahkan konsumen' – Bagaimana cerita warga yang terdampak kebijakan ini? https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c23nzyjz8mko
BBC Indonesia. (2025b, 21 Februari). Demo mahasiswa 'Indonesia Gelap' di berbagai daerah bikin 'legitimasi pemerintahan Prabowo oleng'. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cgr2yy8ldy4o
Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2013). The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious politics. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139198752
Cammaerts, B. (2015). Social media and activism. In R. Mansell & P. Hwa (Eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society (pp. 1027–1034). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118767771.wbiedcs083
Casero-Ripollés, A. (2021). Influencers in the political conversation on Twitter: Identifying digital authority with big data. Sustainability, 13(5), 2851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052851
Djamaluddin, A. R., Hastjarjo, S., & Satyawan, I. A. (2023). Analysis of the symbolic convergence of activism with the hashtag #PercumaLaporPolisi on Twitter social media as a virtual public space. Journal of Social Interactions and Humanities, 2(1), 15–26. https://doi.org/10.55927/jsih.v2i1.2866
Dubrow, J. K. (2015). Political inequality is international, interdisciplinary, and intersectional. Sociology Compass, 9(6), 477–486. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12270
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Longman.
Fife, K., Flinn, A., & Nyhan, J. (2023). Documenting resistance, conflict and violence: A scoping review of the role of participatory digital platforms in the mobilisation of resistance. Archival Science, 23(3), 471–499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-023-09416-8
Fung, A. (2006). Varieties of participation in complex governance. Public Administration Review, 66(S1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00667.x
Gray, J., Hutchinson, J., & Stilinovic, M. (2023). Democracy in the digital era. Policy & Internet, 15(2), 158–161. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.349
Hodzi, O., & Zihnio?lu, Ö. (2023). Beyond "networked individuals": Social-media and citizen-led accountability in political protests. Third World Quarterly, 45(1), 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2219213
Hoffmann, M., Liu, J., Neumayer, C., & Trenz, H.-J. (2024). Social media and political contention: Challenges and opportunities for comparative research. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 21(3), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2024.2356435
Instruksi Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 2025 tentang Efisiensi Belanja dalam Pelaksanaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara dan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah Tahun Anggaran 2025. (2025, 22 Januari). Database Peraturan | JDIH BPK. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/313401/inpres-no-1-tahun-2025
Irwanto, I., Bahfiarti, T., Unde, A. A., & Sonni, A. F. (2025). Social network analysis of information flow and opinion formation on Indonesian social media: A case study of youth violence. Adolescents, 5(2), Article 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents5020018
Jost, J. T., Barberá, P., Bonneau, R., Langer, M., Metzger, M., Nagler, J., Sterling, J., & Tucker, J. A. (2018). How social media facilitates political protest: Information, motivation, and social networks. Political Psychology, 39, 85–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12478
Mayring, P. (2014). Qualitative content analysis: Theoretical background and procedures. In A. Bikner-Ahsbahs, C. Knipping, & N. Presmeg (Eds.), Approaches to qualitative research in mathematics education (pp. 365–380). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9181-6_13
McKenzie-Mohr, S., & Lafrance, M. N. (2017). Narrative resistance in social work research and practice: Counter-storying in the pursuit of social justice. Qualitative Social Work, 16(2), 189–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325016657866
Momeni, M. (2017). Social media and political participation. New Media & Society, 19, 2094–2100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817728054
Papacharissi, Z. (2015). We have always been social. Social Media + Society, 1(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115581185
Penney, J., & Dadas, C. (2014). (Re)Tweeting in the service of protest: Digital composition and circulation in the Occupy Wall Street movement. New Media & Society, 16(1), 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813479593
Santini, R. M., & Carvalho, H. (2019). The rise of participatory despotism: A systematic review of online platforms for political engagement. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 17(2), 422–437. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-02-2019-0016
Schreier, M. (2012). Qualitative content analysis in practice. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529682571
Siagian, O. I. (2025, 18 Februari). Ini 13 poin tuntutan demo BEM SI "Indonesia Gelap", Apa Saja? Tempo.co. https://www.tempo.co/politik/ini-13-poin-tuntutan-demo-bem-si-indonesia-gelap-apa-saja--1208489
Simon, J., Bass, T., Boelman, V., & Mulgan, G. (2017). Digital democracy: The tools transforming political engagement. Nesta. https://www.nesta.org.uk/
Skoric, M. M., Zhu, Q., Goh, D., & Pang, N. (2016). Social media and citizen engagement: A meta-analytic review. New Media & Society, 18(9), 1817–1839. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616221
Stromer-Galley, J. (2007). Measuring deliberation's content: A coding scheme. Journal of Public Deliberation, 3(1), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.50
The Conversation. (2025, 20 Februari). Efisiensi anggaran pemerintah Indonesia: Menyelamatkan fiskal atau membebani rakyat? https://theconversation.com/efisiensi-anggaran-pemerintah-indonesia-menyelamatkan-fiskal-atau-membebani-rakyat-250268
Tufekci, Z. (2017). Twitter and tear gas: The power and fragility of networked protest. Yale University Press.
