Effect of the Quality of Tourism Objects and Brand Image of Tourism Aspects on the Tourism City’s Image the Case of Tawangmangu, Indonesia
Main Article Content
This study examines the effects of the quality of the tourism model and the aspects of the brand image of tourism on the image of Tawangmangu as a tourism city. The study was conducted in the Tawangmangu Sub-District of the Karanganyar Regency in Central Java, Indonesia, at the beginning of 2024. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 100 domestic travelers, all of whom responded to a standardized questionnaire. Software called SMARTPLS was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the quality of the tourism model and the brand image of its tourism components had a favorable and considerable impact on Tawangmangu's reputation as a tourist destination, both individually and collectively. Furthermore, the study discovered that the quality of the tourist model positively and significantly impacted the brand image of tourism-related features. Based on the findings, Tawangmangu should develop a strong tourism image by first creating a quality tourism model, which includes herbal tourism attractions, natural and cultural tourism objects, supporting facilities, and tourism services. A compelling brand image should be developed, encompassing destination naming, city environment, tourism logos, and identity. Additionally, the study shows that Tawangmangu's tourist model quality is a significant factor in determining how the tourism industry is portrayed.
Keywords:
Quality of Tourism Model, Brand Image of Tourism Aspect, City Image, Structural Equation Modeling, Tawangmangu
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Fauzan, A. (2025). The transformation of traditional culture in responding to the challenges of globalization in local Indonesian communities. The Journal of Academic Science, 2(3), 1021–1030.
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Florido-Benítez, L. (2023). Bridges: A tourist attraction and iconic element at urban cities’ tourism promotion websites. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 9(3), 771–787.
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Pratminingsih, S. A., Johan, A., & Salsabil, I. (2022). The effect of destination attractiveness on destination attachment and its impact on tourist sustainable behavior. Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 26(2), 222–234. https://doi.org/10.20885/jsb.vol26.iss2.art8
Setiawan, E., Yusup, Y., & Noviani, R. (2022). Postmodern tourism attraction in Tawangmangu sub-district, Indonesia: Potential and development strategy. International Journal of Applied Sciences in Tourism and Events, 6(1), 52–59.
Siddiqui, M. S., Siddiqui, U. A., Khan, M. A., Alkandi, I. G., Saxena, A. K., & Siddiqui, J. H. (2021). Creating electronic word of mouth credibility through social networking sites and determining its impact on brand image and online purchase intentions in India. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(4), 1008–1024.
Soto, S., Yoder, A. M., Nuño, T., Aceves, B., Sepulveda, R., & Rosales, C. B. (2022). Health conditions among farmworkers in the southwest: An analysis of the National Agricultural Workers Survey. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 962085.
Spring, J. (2023). Nature-based tourism and guided wildlife tours: Designing wildlife tour experiences that optimise sustainable learning opportunities. Journal of Ecotourism, 22(1), 187–207.
Suardi, W., Nurmandi, A., Mutiarin, D., Purnomo, E. P., Pribadi, U., Purwaningsih, T., Misran, M., Zulkifli, Z., & Younus, M. (2023). A historical review for city branding: Hyper competition, challenges, and improvement opportunities. Jurnal Bina Praja, 15(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.15.2023.85-99
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Supriyanto, E. E. (2022). Blue tourism: Treating marine ecosystems and increasing the potential of maritime tourism in Indonesia. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 16(2), 138–148.
Susanti, H., & Wilyadewi, Y. (2021). Wellness tourism as a form of adaptation to the dynamics of Bali tourism in the new normal era. In 7th International Conference of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies (ICIIS) (pp. 24–37).
Suwarni, S., Khadijah, U. L. S., & Rachmat, H. (2021). The development strategy of educational tourism at Rumah Atsiri Indonesia in the era of adapting to a new normal. Sosiohumaniora, 23(1), 97–106.
Syarofa, S., Sadono, T. P., & Pramono, B. S. (2025). Marketing communication strategy to increase tourist visits to Tumpak Sewu Waterfall in Lumajang. Devotion: Journal of Research and Community Service, 6(6), 605–616.
Tahoangako, S. S., Santosa, D., & Fakhrudin, N. (2024). Study of the utilization of medicinal plants by traditional healer of the Tolaki ethnic tribe, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 28, 1–17.
Widiastuti, I. A. M. S., Astawa, I. N. D., Mantra, I. B. N., & Susanti, P. H. (2021). The roles of English in the development of tourism and economy in Indonesia. SOSHUM: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 11(3), 305–313.
Wiharjokusumo, P., Romauli, N., & Malau, A. L. (2021). Overview of the potential development of natural tourism objects and attractions of Pantai Cemara Indah Gosong Telaga in North Singkil Sub-District, Aceh Singkil Regency. Jurnal Akomodasi Agung, 2, 1–9.
Wirawan, D. R., Setianto, A., & Handini, E. (2022). Susceptibility zoning of soil movement in Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency with bivariate statistic method–weight of evidence. Journal of Applied Geology, 7(2), 111–121.
Yamin, M., Darmawan, A., & Rosyadi, S. (2021). Analysis of Indonesian tourism potentials through the sustainable tourism perspective in the new normal era. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 10(1), 44–58.
Yumna, T. P. (2022). The influence of destination awareness, destination image, and perceived quality toward the visit intention of TikTok users to destination in Yogyakarta. [Undergraduate thesis].
Zalukhu, M., & Agustina, N. (2023). Analysis of Indonesian domestic tourist quality: Case study—domestic tourist digital survey 2021. Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics, 2023(1), 780–791.
Atmadja, I. D. G. (2022). Indonesian marine resources law perspective of marine tourism development. Journal Equity of Law and Governance, 2(2), 103–110.
Camilleri, M. A. (2018). The tourism industry: An overview. In Tourism, hospitality and event management (pp. 3–27). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49849-21
Central Bureau of Statistics. (2024). Domestic travel is still rising.
Central Bureau of Statistics of Karanganyar Regency. (2024). Tawangmangu sub-district regional profile: Agriculture and border area characteristics.
Chan, A., Suryadipura, D., & Kostini, N. (2021). City image: City branding and city identity strategies. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 10, 330–341.
Chi, D. T. P., Van Thu, P., Van Hoa, N., & Tuan, N. A. (2024). Customer experience management in retail business: A theoretical debate. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies, 4(5), 854–863.
Falk, M. T., Hagsten, E., & Lin, X. (2022). Domestic tourism demand in the north and the south of Europe in the COVID-19 summer of 2020. The Annals of Regional Science, 69(2), 537–553.
Faskahariyanto, K., Edy, I. C., & Adinugroho, S. (2023). Governance of MSMEs tourism based on local wisdom that is competitive and sustainable in herbal tourism destinations Tawangmangu. International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development, 4(4), 302–309.
Fauzan, A. (2025). The transformation of traditional culture in responding to the challenges of globalization in local Indonesian communities. The Journal of Academic Science, 2(3), 1021–1030.
Fauzi, D., & Sumirat, P. A. (2023). Evaluation of Indonesian tourism marketing towards quality tourism. International Journal of Magistravitae Management, 1(2), 117–129.
Florido-Benítez, L. (2023). Bridges: A tourist attraction and iconic element at urban cities’ tourism promotion websites. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 9(3), 771–787.
Garner, B., & Kim, D. (2022). Analyzing user-generated content to improve customer satisfaction at local wine tourism destinations: An analysis of Yelp and TripAdvisor reviews. Consumer Behavior in Tourism and Hospitality, 17(4), 413–435.
Hafasnuddin, H., Abd. Majid, M. S., & Chan, S. (2022). Promoting the image of Banda Aceh–Indonesia becomes a popular tsunami-tourism destination city: The moderating roles of cultural and Islamic tourism objects. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 44(4), 1190–1199. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.44402-934
Hartutik, H. (2021). Home industry of leather crafts in Magetan Regency, East Java reviewed from functional theory. International Journal of Social Science, 1(4), 517–522.
Kusumaningtyas, R. F., Hidayat, A., Soebiakto, G. P., Permana, A. F., & Abdullah, I. H. (2023). Traditional cultural expression as an embodiment of indigenous communities and regional identity: Semarang, Indonesia case. JILS, 8, 45.
Komppula, R., & Konu, H. (2017). Designing forest-based wellbeing tourism services for Japanese customers: A case study from Finland. In Co-creation in tourist experiences (pp. 50–63). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315645919-5
Loureiro, S. M. C., Roschk, H., Ali, F., & Friedmann, E. (2022). Cognitive image, mental imagery, and responses (CI-MI-R): Mediation and moderation effects. Journal of Travel Research, 61(4), 903–920.
Matthew, O. A., Ede, C., Osabohien, R., Ejemeyovwi, J., Ayanda, T., & Okunbor, J. (2021). Interaction effect of tourism and foreign exchange earnings on economic growth in Nigeria. Global Business Review, 22(1), 7–22.
Mihardja, E. J., Alisjahbana, S., Agustini, P. M., Sari, D. A. P., & Pardede, T. S. (2023). Forest wellness tourism destination branding for supporting disaster mitigation: A case of Batur UNESCO Global Geopark, Bali. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 11(1), 169–181.
Nugraha, S., Utomowati, R., Saputra, A. E., & Saputri, A. B. (2024). Landslide risk reduction for sustainable land use direction in Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency year 2023. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1314(1), 012026.
Nuseir, M. T. (2021). Assessing the impact of brand equity and customer experience on brand loyalty in the United Arab Emirates’ hotel industry. International Journal of Business Excellence, 25(4), 459–473.
Panzera, E., de Graaff, T., & de Groot, H. L. F. (2021). European cultural heritage and tourism flows: The magnetic role of superstar World Heritage Sites. Papers in Regional Science, 100(1), 101–123.
Popy, N. N., & Bappy, T. A. (2022). Attitude toward social media reviews and restaurant visit intention: A Bangladeshi perspective. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 11(1), 20–44.
Pulungan, E. D. (2024). From archipelago to maritime hub: Indonesia’s quest to become the world’s new maritime axis. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 10(2), 106–117.
Pratminingsih, S. A., Johan, A., & Salsabil, I. (2022). The effect of destination attractiveness on destination attachment and its impact on tourist sustainable behavior. Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 26(2), 222–234. https://doi.org/10.20885/jsb.vol26.iss2.art8
Setiawan, E., Yusup, Y., & Noviani, R. (2022). Postmodern tourism attraction in Tawangmangu sub-district, Indonesia: Potential and development strategy. International Journal of Applied Sciences in Tourism and Events, 6(1), 52–59.
Siddiqui, M. S., Siddiqui, U. A., Khan, M. A., Alkandi, I. G., Saxena, A. K., & Siddiqui, J. H. (2021). Creating electronic word of mouth credibility through social networking sites and determining its impact on brand image and online purchase intentions in India. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(4), 1008–1024.
Soto, S., Yoder, A. M., Nuño, T., Aceves, B., Sepulveda, R., & Rosales, C. B. (2022). Health conditions among farmworkers in the southwest: An analysis of the National Agricultural Workers Survey. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 962085.
Spring, J. (2023). Nature-based tourism and guided wildlife tours: Designing wildlife tour experiences that optimise sustainable learning opportunities. Journal of Ecotourism, 22(1), 187–207.
Suardi, W., Nurmandi, A., Mutiarin, D., Purnomo, E. P., Pribadi, U., Purwaningsih, T., Misran, M., Zulkifli, Z., & Younus, M. (2023). A historical review for city branding: Hyper competition, challenges, and improvement opportunities. Jurnal Bina Praja, 15(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.15.2023.85-99
Sulaiman, A. I., Sugito, T., Suswanto, B., Adi, T. N., & Weningsih, S. (2021). Community empowerment program in management of health clinic development and herbal tourism. Proceeding of the International Conference of Innovation, Science, Technology, Education, Children, and Health, 1(1), 82–92.
Supriyanto, E. E. (2022). Blue tourism: Treating marine ecosystems and increasing the potential of maritime tourism in Indonesia. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 16(2), 138–148.
Susanti, H., & Wilyadewi, Y. (2021). Wellness tourism as a form of adaptation to the dynamics of Bali tourism in the new normal era. In 7th International Conference of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies (ICIIS) (pp. 24–37).
Suwarni, S., Khadijah, U. L. S., & Rachmat, H. (2021). The development strategy of educational tourism at Rumah Atsiri Indonesia in the era of adapting to a new normal. Sosiohumaniora, 23(1), 97–106.
Syarofa, S., Sadono, T. P., & Pramono, B. S. (2025). Marketing communication strategy to increase tourist visits to Tumpak Sewu Waterfall in Lumajang. Devotion: Journal of Research and Community Service, 6(6), 605–616.
Tahoangako, S. S., Santosa, D., & Fakhrudin, N. (2024). Study of the utilization of medicinal plants by traditional healer of the Tolaki ethnic tribe, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 28, 1–17.
Widiastuti, I. A. M. S., Astawa, I. N. D., Mantra, I. B. N., & Susanti, P. H. (2021). The roles of English in the development of tourism and economy in Indonesia. SOSHUM: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 11(3), 305–313.
Wiharjokusumo, P., Romauli, N., & Malau, A. L. (2021). Overview of the potential development of natural tourism objects and attractions of Pantai Cemara Indah Gosong Telaga in North Singkil Sub-District, Aceh Singkil Regency. Jurnal Akomodasi Agung, 2, 1–9.
Wirawan, D. R., Setianto, A., & Handini, E. (2022). Susceptibility zoning of soil movement in Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency with bivariate statistic method–weight of evidence. Journal of Applied Geology, 7(2), 111–121.
Yamin, M., Darmawan, A., & Rosyadi, S. (2021). Analysis of Indonesian tourism potentials through the sustainable tourism perspective in the new normal era. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 10(1), 44–58.
Yumna, T. P. (2022). The influence of destination awareness, destination image, and perceived quality toward the visit intention of TikTok users to destination in Yogyakarta. [Undergraduate thesis].
Zalukhu, M., & Agustina, N. (2023). Analysis of Indonesian domestic tourist quality: Case study—domestic tourist digital survey 2021. Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics, 2023(1), 780–791.
