Topical Formulations of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia): Advances in Stability and Biological Efficacy
Main Article Content
Topical formulations derived from Anredera cordifolia (Binahong) have gained increasing attention in dermatology and wound care due to their promising therapeutic properties. Despite growing experimental evidence, a systematic evaluation of formulation strategies, stability profiles, and biological efficacy remains limited. This review aims to comprehensively analyze recent advances in Binahong?based topical formulations, including gels, creams, nanoemulgels, and ointments, focusing on their phytochemical composition, physicochemical stability, skin penetration potential, and dermatological performance. Using structured literature review methodology, relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025 were identified from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Data regarding formulation design, stability parameters, in vitro and in vivo efficacy, and research gaps were extracted and synthesized thematically. The findings indicate that Binahong formulations exhibit significant wound healing, anti?inflammatory, antimicrobial, and skin?rejuvenating effects, largely attributed to bioactive flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. However, critical limitations persist, including the lack of quantitative phytochemical standardization, insufficient long?term stability data, and minimal direct evidence on skin penetration. This review concludes that while Binahong holds considerable potential as a topical agent, future research must prioritize standardized extraction, rigorous stability testing, and mechanistic studies to support its translation into reliable, clinically effective dermatological products.
Keywords:
Anredera cordifolia, binahong, topical formulation, wound healing, phytochemicals, herbal gel, dermatology
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Dwitiyanti, Harahap, Y., Elya, B., & Bahtiar, A. (2019). Impact of Solvent on the Characteristics of Standardized Binahong Leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis). Pharmacognosy Journal, 11(6s), 1463–1470. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2019.11.226
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Istyastono, E. P., & Yuliani, S. H. (2016). Scarless wound healing gel with Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) leaves extract and celecoxib as the active ingredients. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1755(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4958594/821550
Lestari, N. R. D., Cahyaningrum, S. E., Herdyastuti, N., Setyarini, W., & Arizandy, R. Y. (2024). Antibacterial and Wound Healing Effects of Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticle and Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Gel Modified with Cinnamon Essential Oil. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 8(1), 5936–5945. https://doi.org/10.26538/TJNPR/V8I1.32
Liang, D., Liu, L., Zhao, Y., Luo, Z., He, Y., Li, Y., Tang, S., Tang, J., & Chen, N. (2023). Targeting extracellular matrix through phytochemicals: a promising approach of multi-step actions on the treatment and prevention of cancer. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1186712. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPHAR.2023.1186712/FULL
Nasution, J., Ramadhani, C. S., & Marianti, M. (2024). Studi Literatur Potensi Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) dalam Pengobatan Luka. Journal of Natural Sciences, 5(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.34007/JONAS.V5I2.468
Ngurah, A. A., Ginesthira, A., Putu, G., Sanjaya, H., Rusly, A. R., Hamid, H., Niryana, W., Agung, A., Lestari, W., Nyoman, N., & Budayanti, S. (2024). Pemberian gel ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (ten) steenis) menghasilkan neovaskularisasi, ketebalan epitel, kepadatan kolagen dan menurunkan luas luka lebih baik dibandingkan terapi standar pada luka bakar mid-dermal tikus wistar. Intisari Sains Medis, 15(3), 978–985. https://doi.org/10.15562/ISM.V15I3.2131
Pariyana, Saleh, I., Tjekyan, S., & Hermansyah. (2016). Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Terhadap Ketebalan Jaringan Granulasi dan Jarak Tepi Luka pada Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus). JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN, 3(3), 155–165.
Pratiwi, D. M. N., Yuliani, H., & Samirana, O. (2025). Development of nanoemulgel formula with purified Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis leaves extract for antiinflammatory activity. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 29(6), 2239–2252. https://doi.org/10.12991/JRESPHARM.1796226
Patel, M., Patel, A., Desai, J., & Patel, S. (2024). Cutaneous pharmacokinetics of topically applied novel dermatological formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech, 25(3), 46.
Meriyanti, P. S., Kamaluddin, M. T., & Theodorus. (2020). The Topical Effect of Binahong Fraction Leaves [Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis] on Increased Epithelization and Hydroxyproline Level at Incision Wound in Rats. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia, 6(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.32539/BJI.V6I1.10590
Raza, A., Chohan, T. A., Zaidi, S. H. H., Hai, A., Alzahrani, A. R., Abida, Imran, M., & Saleem, H. (2024). A Systematic Review on Biochemical Perspectives on Natural Products in Wound Healing: Exploring Phytochemicals in Tissue Repair and Scar Prevention. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 21(10), e202400615. https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.202400615;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Septiana, D. A., Sa’diyah, J. S., Farih, N. N., & Ningsih, J. R. (2019). Pengaruh gel ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) konsentrasi 5% terhadap re-epitelisasi luka pasca pencabutan gigi tikus putih Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) The effect of 5% Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract gel on wounds re-epithelializa…. Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 31(3), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.24198/JKG.V31I3.21833
Suryaningtyas, I. F. A., Rachmawati, K., Lukiswanto, B. S., Sudjarwo, S. A., Soeharsono, & Yuniarti, W. M. (2023). The Effectiveness Level of Gel Combination Binahong Leaf and Turmeric Rhizome Extract on The Mature Collagen of IIB Degree Burns in Rats. Media Kedokteran Hewan, 34(2), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.20473/MKH.V34I2.2023.102-115
Theedens, M. T., Widodo, G. P., & Astuti, S. D. (2024). Test on the effectiveness of the utilization of Binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) as an anti-aging cream. Journal of Health Management and Pharmacy Exploration, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.52465/JOHMPE.V2I2.445
Tusilva, A., Naila, A., Putri, A. J., Wulan, A., Wulandari, D., & Mariessa, D. (2025). Review Artikel: Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) dalam Berbagai Sediaan Farmasi dan Kosmetik. JURNAL ILMIAH NUSANTARA, 2(6), 914–926. https://doi.org/10.61722/JINU.V2I6.6428
Yusuf, M. S., Wahyuningsih, I., & Yuliani, S. (2023). Nanoemulgel activity of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) leaf extract againts wound healing of hyperglycemic rats. Pharmaciana, 13(1), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.12928/pharmaciana.v13i1.24600
Bernard, B., Ilyas, S., & Hanafiah, O. A. (2024). Investigation of 3% Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaf Extract Nanogel on the Alveolar Bone Healing: BMP-2 Modulation in Rat Models. Bioscientia Medicina?: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research, 8(7), 4551–4560. https://doi.org/10.37275/BSM.V8I7.1020
Bouwer, F., Brits, M., & Viljoen, J. M. (2025). Cracking the Skin Barrier: Models and Methods Driving Dermal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics, 17(12), 1586.
Cahyaningrum, S. E., Muhaimin, F. I., Lestari, N. R. D., & Amaria. (2025). A Novel Gel Combination of Binahong Leaf Extract, Aloe Vera, Chitosan, and Nanosilver as Antibacterial Agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 9(6), 2395–2401. https://doi.org/10.26538/TJNPR/V9I6.6
Darvin, M. E. (2023). Optical methods for non-invasive determination of skin penetration: current trends, advances, possibilities, prospects, and translation into in vivo human studies. Pharmaceutics, 15(9), 2272.
Dwitiyanti, Harahap, Y., Elya, B., & Bahtiar, A. (2019). Impact of Solvent on the Characteristics of Standardized Binahong Leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis). Pharmacognosy Journal, 11(6s), 1463–1470. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2019.11.226
Hanafiah, O. A., Hanafiah, D. S., Dohude, G. A., Satria, D., Livita, L., Moudy, N. S., & Rahma, R. (2022). Effects of 3% Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract gel on alveolar bone healing in post-extraction tooth socket wound in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). F1000Research, 10. https://doi.org/10.12688/F1000RESEARCH.72982.2/DOI
Hanafiah, O. A., Satria, D., Harahap, A. A., Dohude, G. A., Lestari, C., Bernard, Afifah Ayuni, H., Fajar, T. H., & Kurnia, H. (2024). WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF BINAHONG LEAF EXTRACT NANOGEL ON ORAL TISSUES. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 16(Special Issue 2), 29–33. https://doi.org/10.22159/IJAP.2024.V16S2.07
Hapsari, A. F., Setyaningrum, D. A. W., Wardhani, R. P., Alfina, A., Dzakiy, W. A., Ginting, R. B., & Fajriansyah, M. F. (2017). Burn Healing with Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) Leaves Extract as A Topical and Systemic Treatments. Advances in Health Science Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/ICHLAS-17.2017.2
Istyastono, E. P., & Yuliani, S. H. (2016). Scarless wound healing gel with Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) leaves extract and celecoxib as the active ingredients. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1755(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4958594/821550
Lestari, N. R. D., Cahyaningrum, S. E., Herdyastuti, N., Setyarini, W., & Arizandy, R. Y. (2024). Antibacterial and Wound Healing Effects of Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticle and Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Gel Modified with Cinnamon Essential Oil. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 8(1), 5936–5945. https://doi.org/10.26538/TJNPR/V8I1.32
Liang, D., Liu, L., Zhao, Y., Luo, Z., He, Y., Li, Y., Tang, S., Tang, J., & Chen, N. (2023). Targeting extracellular matrix through phytochemicals: a promising approach of multi-step actions on the treatment and prevention of cancer. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1186712. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPHAR.2023.1186712/FULL
Nasution, J., Ramadhani, C. S., & Marianti, M. (2024). Studi Literatur Potensi Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) dalam Pengobatan Luka. Journal of Natural Sciences, 5(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.34007/JONAS.V5I2.468
Ngurah, A. A., Ginesthira, A., Putu, G., Sanjaya, H., Rusly, A. R., Hamid, H., Niryana, W., Agung, A., Lestari, W., Nyoman, N., & Budayanti, S. (2024). Pemberian gel ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (ten) steenis) menghasilkan neovaskularisasi, ketebalan epitel, kepadatan kolagen dan menurunkan luas luka lebih baik dibandingkan terapi standar pada luka bakar mid-dermal tikus wistar. Intisari Sains Medis, 15(3), 978–985. https://doi.org/10.15562/ISM.V15I3.2131
Pariyana, Saleh, I., Tjekyan, S., & Hermansyah. (2016). Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Terhadap Ketebalan Jaringan Granulasi dan Jarak Tepi Luka pada Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus). JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN, 3(3), 155–165.
Pratiwi, D. M. N., Yuliani, H., & Samirana, O. (2025). Development of nanoemulgel formula with purified Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis leaves extract for antiinflammatory activity. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 29(6), 2239–2252. https://doi.org/10.12991/JRESPHARM.1796226
Patel, M., Patel, A., Desai, J., & Patel, S. (2024). Cutaneous pharmacokinetics of topically applied novel dermatological formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech, 25(3), 46.
Meriyanti, P. S., Kamaluddin, M. T., & Theodorus. (2020). The Topical Effect of Binahong Fraction Leaves [Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis] on Increased Epithelization and Hydroxyproline Level at Incision Wound in Rats. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia, 6(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.32539/BJI.V6I1.10590
Raza, A., Chohan, T. A., Zaidi, S. H. H., Hai, A., Alzahrani, A. R., Abida, Imran, M., & Saleem, H. (2024). A Systematic Review on Biochemical Perspectives on Natural Products in Wound Healing: Exploring Phytochemicals in Tissue Repair and Scar Prevention. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 21(10), e202400615. https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.202400615;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Septiana, D. A., Sa’diyah, J. S., Farih, N. N., & Ningsih, J. R. (2019). Pengaruh gel ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) konsentrasi 5% terhadap re-epitelisasi luka pasca pencabutan gigi tikus putih Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) The effect of 5% Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract gel on wounds re-epithelializa…. Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 31(3), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.24198/JKG.V31I3.21833
Suryaningtyas, I. F. A., Rachmawati, K., Lukiswanto, B. S., Sudjarwo, S. A., Soeharsono, & Yuniarti, W. M. (2023). The Effectiveness Level of Gel Combination Binahong Leaf and Turmeric Rhizome Extract on The Mature Collagen of IIB Degree Burns in Rats. Media Kedokteran Hewan, 34(2), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.20473/MKH.V34I2.2023.102-115
Theedens, M. T., Widodo, G. P., & Astuti, S. D. (2024). Test on the effectiveness of the utilization of Binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) as an anti-aging cream. Journal of Health Management and Pharmacy Exploration, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.52465/JOHMPE.V2I2.445
Tusilva, A., Naila, A., Putri, A. J., Wulan, A., Wulandari, D., & Mariessa, D. (2025). Review Artikel: Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) dalam Berbagai Sediaan Farmasi dan Kosmetik. JURNAL ILMIAH NUSANTARA, 2(6), 914–926. https://doi.org/10.61722/JINU.V2I6.6428
Yusuf, M. S., Wahyuningsih, I., & Yuliani, S. (2023). Nanoemulgel activity of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) leaf extract againts wound healing of hyperglycemic rats. Pharmaciana, 13(1), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.12928/pharmaciana.v13i1.24600
