Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Efektivitas Penerapan Risk & Control Self Assessment (RCSA) pada Pemrosesan KPR (Studi Kasus: Bank X)
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Era digitalisasi menuntut semua bidang usaha untuk adaptif terhadap perubahan dan perkembangan teknologi. Transformasi digital menjadi hal yang wajib dilakukan oleh seluruh perusahaan. Bank X sebagai salah satu Bank BUMN juga melakukan transformasi digital di seluruh aspek perbankan. Segala tindakan yang dilakukan perusahaan tak lepas dari kemungkinan terjadinya risiko atas implementasi suatu tindakan atau kegiatan di perusahaan. Melalui konsep 3 lines of defense dalam manajemen risiko operasional, penelitian ini berfokus pada penerapan salah satu Operational Risk Management (ORM) Tools yaitu Risk & Control Self-Assessment (RCSA). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi efektivitas penerapan RCSA dalam pemrosesan KPR periode 2020-2024 dengan metode pengumpulan data dari review dokumen, wawancara, dan observasi serta analisis menggunakan model Miles & Huberman (reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan) dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor internal seperti kapabilitas dan pengalaman pegawai, tingkat kepentingan unit kerja (yang menimbulkan konflik kepentingan antara lini 1 dan lini 2), serta lemahnya pengawasan pelaksanaan RCSA, bersama dengan faktor eksternal seperti kebijakan regulator (UU PDP) dan insiden khusus (gangguan iDeb SLIK OJK), mempengaruhi tingkat efektivitas penerapan RCSA pada pemrosesan KPR. Efektivitas RCSA baru tercapai sepenuhnya pada tahun 2024 setelah risk library dibentuk kembali.
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