Peningkatan Keandalan Sistem Kelistrikan 150 KV Daerah Khusus Berbasis Analisis Risiko dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA)
Main Article Content
Keandalan sistem tenaga listrik merupakan faktor fundamental dalam mendukung operasional Daerah Khusus yang dirancang sebagai kawasan strategis nasional dengan kebutuhan suplai listrik berkelanjutan dan bebas gangguan. Konfigurasi sistem 150 kV yang masih bersifat single radial menuju GIS Daerah Khusus menyebabkan kawasan ini sangat sensitif terhadap gangguan, khususnya pada koridor kritis SUTT 150 kV GI A – GIS. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko keandalan sistem kelistrikan 150 kV. Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) diterapkan secara kuantitatif dan didukung oleh simulasi sistem tenaga menggunakan DigSilent PowerFactory untuk memperoleh nilai Energy Not Served (ENS), Laju Kegagalan (?), serta pengaruh gangguan terhadap tegangan dan frekuensi sistem. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa gangguan pada koridor utama menghasilkan ENS tertinggi sebesar 9,93 MWh dan berpotensi menyebabkan pemadaman total, dengan transformator GIS sebagai titik kritis. Analisis mitigasi menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan jalur transmisi cadangan 150 kV merupakan solusi paling optimal secara teknis dan finansial, karena mampu memenuhi kriteria keandalan serta menurunkan risiko secara signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan kerangka evaluasi risiko yang komprehensif untuk mendukung perencanaan sistem kelistrikan yang andal dan berkelanjutan.
Keywords:
Daerah Khusus, DigSilent, ENS, FMEA, Risiko Keandalan
Afzal, A. Bin, Mohammed, N., Ahmed, S., & Konstantinou, C. (2024). Advanced resilience planning for distribution systems. IET Conference Proceedings CP882, 2024(27), 271–275.
Aven, T. (2016). Risk Assessment and Risk Management: Review of Recent Advances on Their Foundation. European Journal of Operational Research 253
Bjorns, J. (2022). Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Probabilistic Risk Assessment. KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Stockholm
Burhandono, A. & Sinaga, N. (2022). Menjaga Keandalan Sistem PLTS dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Teknik Industri Magister Energi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Diponegoro, 12 (1)
Carlson, C. (2012). Effective FMEAs: Achieving Safe, Reliable, and Economical Products and Processes Using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New Jersey. Canada
CIGRÉ. (2018). Reliability of GIS in Service. Technical Brochure No. 730
Departemen Manajemen Teknologi, Fakultas Desain Kreatif dan Bisnis Digital, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Fitriyan, R. (2016). Analisis Risiko Kerusakan Peralatan Dengan Menggunakan Metode FMEA Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Pemeliharaan Prediktif Pada Pembangkit Listrik. Program Magister Bidang Keahlian Manajemen Industri Program Pascasarjana, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Fraser, J. & Simkins, B. J. (2010). Enterprise Risk Management: Todays Leading Research and Best Practices For Tomorrow Executives. https://www.perlego.com/ereader/2671313
Gusmedi, H., Hakim, L., & Ramadhan, R. (2022). Evaluasi Keandalan Jaringan Distribusi 20 kV Penyulang Stroberi 2 PT PLN (Persero) ULP Kota Metro dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Informatika dan Elektro Terapan Universitas Lampung, 12 (1)
Husada, T. A. (2007). Analisa Keandalan Sistem Distribusi 20 kV di PT PLN (Persero) Area Tanjung Karang Menggunakan Metode FMEA. Departemen Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik Elektro, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
International Organization of Standardization (ISO). (2018). ISO 31000: Risk Management – Guidelines. www.iso.org
Journal of Applied Corporate Finance
Junaedi, Triwiyatno, A., & Sumardi. (2024). Peninjauan Keandalan Sistem Pentanahan Tower SUTT 150 kV Jakabaring – Keramasan Terhadap Arus Gangguan. Jurnal Profesi Insinyur Indonesia UNDIP, 2 (5), 327-333
Khan, B., Alhelou, H.H, dan Mebrahtu, F. (2019). A Holistic Analysis of Distribution System Reliability Assessment Methods With Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources. AIMS Energy, 7 (4). www. aimpress.com/journal/energy
Llaval,. F. X. B. dan Li, Z. (2011). Reliability Worth Assessment of Radial System With Distributed Generation. Illinois Institute of Technology
Lopz-Prado, J. L., Velez, J. I., dan Garcia-Llinas, G. A. (2020). Reliability Evaluation in Distribution Network With Microgrids: Review and Classification of The Literature. Department of Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Sucre. Columbia
Mas’ud, F., Mursidi, B., Darmawan, L. O. R., & Rustan, F. R. (2023). Analisis Manajemen Risiko Waktu dan Biaya Pada Proyek Konstruksi Pembangunan RSUD Tipe D Kota Kendari. STABILITA || Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil, 11 (3)
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://www.mdpi.com/2079- 9292/12/6/1363
Nocco, B. W. & Stulz, R. M. (2006). Enterprise Risk Management: Theory and Practice.
Nugroho, J. M. (2020). Manajemen Mitigasi Kebakaran Pada PLTU Menggunakan Metode FMEA Studi Kasus PT. Pembangkitan Jawa Bali UBJOM Pacitan.
Ponce, E. W. I. & Tellez, A. A. (2025). Integrated Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning Through Mixed-Integer Non Linear Programming In Dynamic Load Scenarios. GIREI Research Group, Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Equador. https://www.mdpi.com/1996- 1073/18/15/4027?
Project Management Isntitute. (2021). Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) – Seventh Edition. Project Management Institute
Prusty, B. R. & Jena, D. (2018). An Over-Limit Risk Assessment of PV Integrated Power System Using Probabilistic Load Flow Based on Multi-Time Instant Uncertainty Modeling. Renewable Energy Journal, 116 (A). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960148117309473
Romim, M., Aryza, S., & Lesmana, D. (2024). An Analysis of Realiability 150 kV High Voltage Air Line Conductors Towards Electric Field Strenght. Jurnal Scientia Vol. 13 Number 04
S., Adillah, R., Jufrizel, Maria, P. S., Zarory, H. (2024). Analisa Keandalan Instrumentasi Boiler Feed Pump Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) di PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Tenayan. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi, 9 (3)
Salah, B., Alnahal, M., Ali, M. (2023). Risk Prioritization Using Modified FMEA Analysis in Industry 4.0. Journal of Engineering Research, 11, 460 – 468
Sandelic, M., Sangwongwanich, A., dan Blaabjerg, F. (2019). Reliability Evaluation of PV Systems with Integrated Battery Energy Storage System: DC Coupled and AC Coupled Configuration. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/9/1059
Sari, D. M. dan Nur, A. (2022). Analisis Risiko Keandalan Sistem Distribusi Tenaga Listrik dengan Metode FMEA. Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Energi Terbarukan, 11(1)
Sengi, G. dan Ntagwirumagara, E. (2021). Improving Reliabilityof The Power Distribution System in Goma (DRC) Using Solar Distributed Generation. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa. https://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1021- 447X2021000400007&script=sci_arttext&utm
Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (Second Edition). ASQ Quality Press
Surasa, H. A. (2007). Analisis Penyebab Losses Energi Listrik Akibat Gangguan Jaringan Distribusi dengan Metode FMEA di Unit Jaringan Sumberlawang. Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta
Ugranli, F dan Karatepe, E. (2015). Multi-objective Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Minimization of Curtailed Wind Energy. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Vol.65. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0142061514006346?
Wideman, R. M. (1992). Project & Program Risk Management: A Guide to Managing Project Risk and Opportunities. Perpustakaan Universitas Panacasila https://perpus.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=110417&ke ywords=
Winantara, B. & Husodo, B. (2019). Evaluasi Tahanan Kontak Pemutus Tenaga Tegangan Tinggi di Gardu Induk 150 kV Bandung Selatan Berdasarkan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Teknik elektro, Universitas Mercu Buana, ISSN: 2086-9479
Xu, W., Zeng, S., Zhao, J., He, Y., dan Wu, X. (2023). Reliability of Distirbution Network Considering Uncertainty of Distribution Generation and Load.
Y. Wibisana, R. S. Wibowo and I. Arifianto,(2012). The condition-based maintenance concept for 500 kV circuit breakers in PLN P3B Jawa Bali — Indonesia. IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis, Bali, Indonesia, 2012, pp. 529-532,
Yunus, A. (2020). Dasar-dasar Sistem Tenaga Listrik. Jakarta. Penerbit Erlangga
Aven, T. (2016). Risk Assessment and Risk Management: Review of Recent Advances on Their Foundation. European Journal of Operational Research 253
Bjorns, J. (2022). Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Probabilistic Risk Assessment. KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Stockholm
Burhandono, A. & Sinaga, N. (2022). Menjaga Keandalan Sistem PLTS dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Teknik Industri Magister Energi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Diponegoro, 12 (1)
Carlson, C. (2012). Effective FMEAs: Achieving Safe, Reliable, and Economical Products and Processes Using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New Jersey. Canada
CIGRÉ. (2018). Reliability of GIS in Service. Technical Brochure No. 730
Departemen Manajemen Teknologi, Fakultas Desain Kreatif dan Bisnis Digital, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Fitriyan, R. (2016). Analisis Risiko Kerusakan Peralatan Dengan Menggunakan Metode FMEA Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Pemeliharaan Prediktif Pada Pembangkit Listrik. Program Magister Bidang Keahlian Manajemen Industri Program Pascasarjana, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Fraser, J. & Simkins, B. J. (2010). Enterprise Risk Management: Todays Leading Research and Best Practices For Tomorrow Executives. https://www.perlego.com/ereader/2671313
Gusmedi, H., Hakim, L., & Ramadhan, R. (2022). Evaluasi Keandalan Jaringan Distribusi 20 kV Penyulang Stroberi 2 PT PLN (Persero) ULP Kota Metro dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Informatika dan Elektro Terapan Universitas Lampung, 12 (1)
Husada, T. A. (2007). Analisa Keandalan Sistem Distribusi 20 kV di PT PLN (Persero) Area Tanjung Karang Menggunakan Metode FMEA. Departemen Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik Elektro, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
International Organization of Standardization (ISO). (2018). ISO 31000: Risk Management – Guidelines. www.iso.org
Journal of Applied Corporate Finance
Junaedi, Triwiyatno, A., & Sumardi. (2024). Peninjauan Keandalan Sistem Pentanahan Tower SUTT 150 kV Jakabaring – Keramasan Terhadap Arus Gangguan. Jurnal Profesi Insinyur Indonesia UNDIP, 2 (5), 327-333
Khan, B., Alhelou, H.H, dan Mebrahtu, F. (2019). A Holistic Analysis of Distribution System Reliability Assessment Methods With Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources. AIMS Energy, 7 (4). www. aimpress.com/journal/energy
Llaval,. F. X. B. dan Li, Z. (2011). Reliability Worth Assessment of Radial System With Distributed Generation. Illinois Institute of Technology
Lopz-Prado, J. L., Velez, J. I., dan Garcia-Llinas, G. A. (2020). Reliability Evaluation in Distribution Network With Microgrids: Review and Classification of The Literature. Department of Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Sucre. Columbia
Mas’ud, F., Mursidi, B., Darmawan, L. O. R., & Rustan, F. R. (2023). Analisis Manajemen Risiko Waktu dan Biaya Pada Proyek Konstruksi Pembangunan RSUD Tipe D Kota Kendari. STABILITA || Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil, 11 (3)
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://www.mdpi.com/2079- 9292/12/6/1363
Nocco, B. W. & Stulz, R. M. (2006). Enterprise Risk Management: Theory and Practice.
Nugroho, J. M. (2020). Manajemen Mitigasi Kebakaran Pada PLTU Menggunakan Metode FMEA Studi Kasus PT. Pembangkitan Jawa Bali UBJOM Pacitan.
Ponce, E. W. I. & Tellez, A. A. (2025). Integrated Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning Through Mixed-Integer Non Linear Programming In Dynamic Load Scenarios. GIREI Research Group, Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Equador. https://www.mdpi.com/1996- 1073/18/15/4027?
Project Management Isntitute. (2021). Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) – Seventh Edition. Project Management Institute
Prusty, B. R. & Jena, D. (2018). An Over-Limit Risk Assessment of PV Integrated Power System Using Probabilistic Load Flow Based on Multi-Time Instant Uncertainty Modeling. Renewable Energy Journal, 116 (A). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960148117309473
Romim, M., Aryza, S., & Lesmana, D. (2024). An Analysis of Realiability 150 kV High Voltage Air Line Conductors Towards Electric Field Strenght. Jurnal Scientia Vol. 13 Number 04
S., Adillah, R., Jufrizel, Maria, P. S., Zarory, H. (2024). Analisa Keandalan Instrumentasi Boiler Feed Pump Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) di PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Tenayan. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi, 9 (3)
Salah, B., Alnahal, M., Ali, M. (2023). Risk Prioritization Using Modified FMEA Analysis in Industry 4.0. Journal of Engineering Research, 11, 460 – 468
Sandelic, M., Sangwongwanich, A., dan Blaabjerg, F. (2019). Reliability Evaluation of PV Systems with Integrated Battery Energy Storage System: DC Coupled and AC Coupled Configuration. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/9/1059
Sari, D. M. dan Nur, A. (2022). Analisis Risiko Keandalan Sistem Distribusi Tenaga Listrik dengan Metode FMEA. Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Energi Terbarukan, 11(1)
Sengi, G. dan Ntagwirumagara, E. (2021). Improving Reliabilityof The Power Distribution System in Goma (DRC) Using Solar Distributed Generation. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa. https://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1021- 447X2021000400007&script=sci_arttext&utm
Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (Second Edition). ASQ Quality Press
Surasa, H. A. (2007). Analisis Penyebab Losses Energi Listrik Akibat Gangguan Jaringan Distribusi dengan Metode FMEA di Unit Jaringan Sumberlawang. Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta
Ugranli, F dan Karatepe, E. (2015). Multi-objective Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Minimization of Curtailed Wind Energy. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Vol.65. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0142061514006346?
Wideman, R. M. (1992). Project & Program Risk Management: A Guide to Managing Project Risk and Opportunities. Perpustakaan Universitas Panacasila https://perpus.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=110417&ke ywords=
Winantara, B. & Husodo, B. (2019). Evaluasi Tahanan Kontak Pemutus Tenaga Tegangan Tinggi di Gardu Induk 150 kV Bandung Selatan Berdasarkan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Jurnal Teknik elektro, Universitas Mercu Buana, ISSN: 2086-9479
Xu, W., Zeng, S., Zhao, J., He, Y., dan Wu, X. (2023). Reliability of Distirbution Network Considering Uncertainty of Distribution Generation and Load.
Y. Wibisana, R. S. Wibowo and I. Arifianto,(2012). The condition-based maintenance concept for 500 kV circuit breakers in PLN P3B Jawa Bali — Indonesia. IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis, Bali, Indonesia, 2012, pp. 529-532,
Yunus, A. (2020). Dasar-dasar Sistem Tenaga Listrik. Jakarta. Penerbit Erlangga
