Peran Suplementasi Vitamin D sebagai Terapi Adjuvan dalam Penatalaksanaan Insomnia
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Insomnia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang signifikan, sementara terapi konvensional memiliki berbagai keterbatasan seperti efek samping, risiko ketergantungan, serta keterbatasan akses terhadap terapi non-farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran suplementasi vitamin D sebagai terapi tambahan dalam penatalaksanaan insomnia. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic review dengan sumber data dari PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, OpenAlex, dan MDPI, yang mencakup randomized controlled trials, studi observasional, dan uji klinis pada manusia. Luaran utama yang dianalisis meliputi parameter tidur seperti kualitas tidur, latensi tidur, dan durasi tidur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar studi intervensional melaporkan adanya perbaikan kualitas tidur, penurunan latensi tidur, serta peningkatan durasi tidur setelah suplementasi vitamin D. Namun, hasil tersebut belum konsisten akibat variasi desain penelitian, dosis dan durasi suplementasi, status awal vitamin D, karakteristik populasi, serta metode pengukuran hasil. Selain itu, adanya risiko bias sedang hingga tinggi pada beberapa studi turut memengaruhi kekuatan evidensi. Kesimpulannya, suplementasi vitamin D berpotensi sebagai terapi adjuvan, khususnya pada individu dengan defisiensi vitamin D atau komorbid, namun belum cukup kuat untuk direkomendasikan sebagai terapi utama insomnia.
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