Design Teknis Pemanfaatan Pita Frekuensi Radio 2600 MHz untuk Implementasi 5G di Bali Berbasis Data Okupansi dan Simulasi Seamcat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v5i5.5824Keywords:
Koeksistensi, Probabilitas interferensi, Jarak proteksi, ITU-R, FSS.Abstract
Implementasi 5G di Bali menghadapi keterbatasan spektrum, sementara pita 2600 MHz belum dirilis karena kekhawatiran interferensi dengan layanan Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) dan belum adanya kajian teknis berbasis data riil. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan desain teknis pemanfaatan pita 2600 MHz untuk mendukung kebutuhan data tinggi di kawasan pariwisata Bali serta mewujudkan visi smart island. Metode penelitian meliputi observasi monitoring spektrum langsung di lapangan menggunakan standar ITU-R SM.1880-2 untuk menganalisis okupansi riil, kemudian simulasi koeksistensi antara sistem 5G NR dan FSS menggunakan perangkat lunak SEAMCAT dengan metode Monte Carlo untuk memprediksi probabilitas interferensi dan menentukan parameter mitigasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pita 2600 MHz di Bali teridentifikasi belum terduduki (clear). Pada skenario co-channel, diperlukan jarak proteksi 18 km untuk mencapai probabilitas interferensi (PI) 0%, sehingga secara teknis tidak layak. Sebaliknya, pada skenario kanal bersebelahan dengan guard band 20 MHz, koeksistensi layak dilakukan tanpa interferensi (PI=0%) pada jarak proteksi minimum 32 meter. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi data okupansi riil dari stasiun monitor Bali dengan simulasi SEAMCAT yang kontekstual untuk pita 2600 MHz, menghasilkan parameter jarak proteksi spesifik dan skema alokasi blok untuk tiga operator. Luaran penelitian ini berupa desain alokasi yang direkomendasikan menggunakan mode TDD pada band n41 untuk pemanfaatan bandwidth optimal 190 MHz, atau mode FDD pada band n7 dengan guard band untuk menjamin koeksistensi dengan layanan satelit, yang siap menjadi acuan teknis bagi regulator dan operator.
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