Tantangan dan Peluang Penerapan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja di Hotel Negara Berkembang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v5i6.5887Keywords:
hotel, hospitality, occupational safety and health, developing countries and implementation barriersAbstract
Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) dalam industri hotel dan hospitality menjadi isu penting karena pekerja pada sektor ini berhadapan dengan beragam risiko, mulai dari bahaya fisik, kimia, biologis, ergonomi, hingga psikososial. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tantangan dan peluang penerapan K3 pada sektor hotel berdasarkan artikel-artikel yang relevan. Metode yang digunakan adalah scoping review dengan menelaah sepuluh artikel yang membahas penerapan K3 di berbagai konteks negara, yaitu Nigeria, Indonesia, Mesir, Ethiopia, Filipina, Malaysia, dan India. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan utama penerapan K3 meliputi rendahnya pengetahuan pekerja tentang bahaya kerja, ketidakkonsistenan penggunaan APD, lemahnya pengawasan manajemen, keterbatasan pelatihan, serta belum optimalnya penerapan prosedur pengendalian risiko. Selain itu, risiko ergonomi menjadi masalah dominan pada pekerja housekeeping, room attendant, dan resepsionis, ditandai dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah, pergelangan tangan, lutut, betis, leher, dan pergelangan kaki. Aspek psikososial juga muncul sebagai persoalan penting, terutama stres kerja, konflik peran, burnout, dan niat keluar dari pekerjaan. Meskipun demikian, terdapat peluang perbaikan melalui pelatihan K3 berkelanjutan, penguatan komitmen manajemen, audit kepatuhan, intervensi ergonomi, perbaikan desain kerja, penyediaan fasilitas keselamatan, serta program kesehatan mental kerja. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa penerapan K3 di sektor hotel perlu dilakukan secara menyeluruh dengan mengintegrasikan keselamatan fisik, kesehatan psikososial, budaya keselamatan, dan dukungan manajemen agar perlindungan pekerja dapat berjalan lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.
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