Analisis Efektivitas Kebijakan Penetapan Badan Layanan Umum melalui Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v5i7.5955Keywords:
Efektivitas Kebijakan BLU, Public Financial Management Reform, Implementasi Kebijakan Publik, Pengukuran Kinerja Organisasi, Reformasi Administrasi PublikAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas kebijakan penetapan Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) dalam perspektif reformasi administrasi publik, reformasi pengelolaan keuangan negara, pengukuran kinerja, dan tata kelola organisasi sektor publik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data penelitian diperoleh melalui database Scopus dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2016–2026 menggunakan kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan Public Financial Management Reform, policy implementation, performance management, dan organizational governance. Proses seleksi literatur dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan PRISMA sehingga diperoleh 36 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas kebijakan penetapan BLU dipengaruhi oleh kapasitas administrasi, kualitas tata kelola organisasi, fleksibilitas pengelolaan keuangan, sistem pengukuran kinerja, collaborative governance, dan kemampuan organisasi dalam mengelola perubahan tata kelola secara substantif. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa fleksibilitas pengelolaan organisasi publik tidak otomatis meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik apabila tidak diiringi sistem akuntabilitas dan pengukuran kinerja yang efektif. Selain itu, implementasi kebijakan berbasis fleksibilitas berpotensi menghasilkan superficial compliance apabila organisasi hanya berorientasi pada pemenuhan administratif. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas kebijakan penetapan BLU merupakan hasil interaksi multidimensional antara kapasitas organisasi, tata kelola birokrasi, pengukuran kinerja, dan orientasi pelayanan publik berbasis hasil.
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