Analisis Kinerja Pemeliharaan Elevator Berbasis Risiko Menggunakan FMEA dan Visualisasi BIM pada Gedung Komersial di Jakarta Barat
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Elevator merupakan fasilitas transportasi vertikal yang berperan penting dalam menunjang mobilitas pada gedung komersial. Tingginya intensitas penggunaan elevator menuntut sistem pemeliharaan yang efektif untuk menjaga keselamatan dan keandalan operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko pemeliharaan elevator menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) serta memvisualisasikan hasilnya ke dalam Building Information Modeling (BIM). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan kajian data historis pemeliharaan. Analisis risiko dilakukan berdasarkan parameter Severity, Occurrence, dan Detection untuk memperoleh nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN), kemudian divalidasi menggunakan Action Priority (AP) dan Prinsip Pareto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen Brake memiliki nilai RPN tertinggi sebesar 180 dan termasuk kategori High Priority, sedangkan Controller memiliki nilai RPN sebesar 112 dan termasuk kategori Medium Priority. Analisis Pareto menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 80% akumulasi risiko berasal dari 11 komponen utama yang berperan pada sistem penggerak, kontrol, dan keselamatan elevator. Hasil analisis kemudian diintegrasikan ke dalam model BIM menggunakan Autodesk Revit melalui color-coded visualization untuk mempermudah identifikasi komponen kritis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi FMEA dan BIM dapat mendukung pengambilan keputusan pemeliharaan yang lebih efektif dan berbasis risiko pada gedung komersial.
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