Construct Validity of The Values in Action Inventory Strengths-Revised (VIA IS-R) Instrument Among College Students: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) Approach
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Character strengths are essential psychological resources that support students’ resilience, adjustment, well-being, and academic performance. However, the construct validity of the Indonesian version of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths-Revised (VIA-IS-R) has not been formally established among university students. This study aimed to validate its three-factor structure—Inquisitiveness, Caring, and Self-Control—and assess its internal consistency. A quantitative psychometric design was employed involving 425 university students from the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, recruited through convenience sampling. The 192-item instrument was adapted through forward translation, reconciliation, backward translation, expert review, harmonization, pretesting, and cognitive debriefing. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the lavaan package in RStudio, while reliability was assessed using McDonald’s omega. The model demonstrated excellent fit: ?²(249) = 274.542, ?²/df = 1.102, p = .128, RMSEA = .016, CFI = .995, and SRMR = .031. All 24 first-order character-strength indicators demonstrated acceptable standardized factor loadings ranging from .595 to .856. Reliability was high for Inquisitiveness (? = .932), Caring (? = .902), and Self-Control (? = .857), with an overall reliability coefficient of .967. These findings confirm that the Indonesian VIA-IS-R is a valid, reliable, and psychometrically robust instrument for assessing character strengths among Indonesian university students and supporting strengths-based educational interventions and counseling practices.
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