Pengaruh Partisipasi Masyarakat, Modal Sosial, Persepsi Manfaat, dan Dukungan Pemerintah terhadap Dampak Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir pada Kawasan Restorasi Mangrove di Desa Mulyorejo, Kabupaten Pekalongan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v5i8.6285Keywords:
Restorasi Mangrove, Dampak Ekonomi, Partisipasi Masyarakat, Dukungan Pemerintah, Masyarakat PesisirAbstract
Restorasi mangrove merupakan upaya pemulihan ekosistem pesisir yang bertujuan memperbaiki fungsi ekologis sekaligus meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui berbagai manfaat ekonomi. Keberhasilan restorasi tidak hanya ditentukan oleh aspek biofisik, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, seperti partisipasi masyarakat, modal sosial, persepsi manfaat, dan dukungan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh keempat faktor tersebut terhadap dampak ekonomi masyarakat pesisir di kawasan restorasi mangrove Desa Mulyorejo, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei dan wawancara terhadap 30 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda setelah melalui uji validitas, reliabilitas, dan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model regresi memenuhi seluruh asumsi klasik sehingga layak digunakan. Secara simultan, partisipasi masyarakat, modal sosial, persepsi manfaat, dan dukungan pemerintah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dampak ekonomi masyarakat pesisir (F = 6,697; p < 0,05). Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,5173 menunjukkan bahwa 51,73% variasi dampak ekonomi dapat dijelaskan oleh keempat variabel tersebut, sedangkan 48,27% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar model. Secara parsial, tidak terdapat variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan pada taraf 5%, meskipun partisipasi masyarakat memiliki koefisien positif terbesar. Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa peningkatan manfaat ekonomi restorasi mangrove memerlukan sinergi antara partisipasi masyarakat, penguatan modal sosial, peningkatan persepsi manfaat, dan dukungan pemerintah yang berkelanjutan agar manfaat ekologis dapat dikonversi menjadi kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir.
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