Help Seeking Behavior Perempuan Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kota Tangerang
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pencarian bantuan (help seeking behavior) pada perempuan korban KDRT, termasuk faktor pendukung, hambatan, pemilihan sumber bantuan formal dan informal, serta evaluasi terhadap bantuan yang diterima. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus di UPTD PPA Kota Tangerang. Informan ditentukan melalui purposive sampling yang meliputi perempuan korban KDRT dan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam pelayanan perlindungan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui pengorganisasian data, pembacaan dan pencatatan gagasan, pengkodean dan pengembangan tema, interpretasi, serta penyajian data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pencarian bantuan berlangsung secara bertahap dan dinamis, melalui tahap pre help seeking, decision, help seeking, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap pre help seeking, korban belum segera mengenali pengalaman yang dialaminya sebagai KDRT karena kebingungan, kecenderungan memaafkan, harapan terhadap perubahan pasangan, dan keterbatasan informasi. Keputusan mencari bantuan semakin kuat ketika kekerasan berulang, ancaman meningkat, serta keselamatan diri dan anak semakin terancam. Pemilihan sumber bantuan bergerak dari keluarga dan lingkungan terdekat, kader dan UPTD PPA sebagai layanan formal. Dukungan yang empatik, tidak menghakimi, informatif, dan disertai pendampingan menjadi faktor penting yang mendorong korban mengakses layanan. Bantuan formal memberikan perubahan positif berupa rasa didengar, meningkatnya pemahaman mengenai hak dan perlindungan, serta keberanian dalam mengambil keputusan. Meskipun demikian, ancaman pasangan, kerentanan ekonomi, pengasuhan anak, dan kebutuhan tempat tinggal aman masih menjadi hambatan. Penelitian ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa keberhasilan help seeking behavior ditentukan oleh keterkaitan kapasitas individual, dukungan sosial, akses informasi, dan respons kelembagaan yang berpusat pada korban serta berkelanjutan.
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