Dinamika Parlemen Indonesia pada Masa Republik Indonesia Serikat: Peran DPR dan Senat
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Periode Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) 1949–1950 merupakan fase krusial yang ditandai oleh eksperimen institusional bikameralisme di tengah tarikan ideologis antara federalisme dan unitarisme. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika hubungan antara Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) dan Senat RIS sebagai manifestasi dari kegagalan desain institusional pascakolonial. Menggunakan pendekatan historical institutionalism, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terjadi asymmetric legitimacy di mana DPR menjadi pusat mobilisasi nasionalis yang kuat, sementara Senat terjebak dalam krisis legitimasi sebagai produk rekayasa kolonial. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa struktur bikameral RIS tidak menghasilkan mekanisme checks and balances, melainkan menciptakan fragmentasi kekuasaan yang mempercepat delegitimasi sistem federal itu sendiri. Disfungsi internal parlemen inilah yang menjadi salah satu faktor utama pendorong runtuhnya RIS dan kembalinya Indonesia ke bentuk negara kesatuan. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa runtuhnya Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) tidak dapat dipahami semata-mata sebagai kemenangan nasionalisme unitaris atas federalisme ataupun sebagai konsekuensi dari warisan kolonial Belanda. Analisis terhadap dinamika hubungan antara DPR dan Senat memperlihatkan bahwa keruntuhan RIS juga merupakan hasil dari konflik politik yang berkembang di dalam institusi federal itu sendiri.
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